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Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone
The West African nation of Sierra Leone is currently afflicted by an epidemic of Ebola virus disease (commonly known as "Ebola"), along with the neighbouring countries of Guinea and previously Liberia.
On March 18, 2014 Guinean health officials announce the outbreak of a mysterious hemorrhagic fever "which strikes like lightning." It was identified as Ebola virus disease and spread to Sierra Leone by May 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Genetics of the 2014 Ebola Outbreak )〕 The disease is thought to have originated when a child in a bat-hunting family contracted the disease in Guinea in December 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ebola Outbreak Blamed on Infected Bushmeat; First Family to Catch Virus Hunted Bats )〕 Consumption of African bushmeat, including rats, bats, and monkeys, is commonplace in Sierra Leone and West Africa in general.〔
At the time it was discovered, it was thought that Ebola virus is not endemic to Sierra Leone or to the West Africa region and this epidemic represents the first time the virus has been discovered there.〔WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — The First 9 Months of the Epidemic and Forward Projections. New England Journal of Medicine. September 23, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411100〕 However, some samples taken for Lassa fever testing turned out to be Ebola virus disease when re-tested for Ebola in 2014, showing that Ebola had been in Sierra Leone as early as 2006.〔
==History of Ebola in Sierra Leone==
In 2014 it was discovered that samples of suspected Lassa fever showed evidence of the Zaire strain of Ebola virus in Sierra Leone as early as 2006. Prior to the current Zaire strain outbreak in 2014, Ebola had not really been seen in Sierra Leone, or even in West Africa among humans.〔 It is suspected that fruit bats are natural carriers of disease, native to this region of Africa including Sierra Leone and also a popular food source for both humans and wildlife.〔 The Gola forests in south-east Sierra Leone are a noted source of bushmeat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chapter 1. Hunting and Trapping in Gola Forests, South-Eastern Sierra Leone: Bushmeat from Farm, Fallow and Forest )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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